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MIP-5

Fusaka EIP Activation

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Activate EIP-7823, EIP-7883, and EIP-7939 from Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade.

Authors
Category Labs
Created
2026-01-19
Updated
Jun 15, 2026

Stakeholder Impact

What this MIP changes for each audience. Severity and action flags are model-derived with deterministic floors per MIP type/category.

TL;DR

This proposal activates three Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) from the Fusaka upgrade to enhance the efficiency and functionality of the Monad protocol. These changes aim to improve gas costs and introduce new opcodes for better performance.

What's Changing

  • EIP-7823: Introduces upper limits on the MODEXP operation to prevent excessive resource consumption.
  • EIP-7883: Increases the gas cost for the ModExp operation to reflect its computational complexity.
  • EIP-7939: Adds a new opcode for counting leading zeros, which can optimize certain calculations.
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Developers

Smart contract & dapp builders, RPC consumers, tooling authors

The activation of EIP-7823 introduces upper bounds for the MODEXP operation, which may affect gas costs for contracts using this operation. EIP-7883 increases the gas cost for ModExp, impacting gas metering for existing contracts, while EIP-7939 adds a new opcode for counting leading zeros, which may require updates to tooling and SDKs.

High action required
◉

Users

Wallet users, EOA holders, dapp visitors

Users may notice a slight increase in transaction fees due to the gas cost increase associated with EIP-7883. There are no required actions for users, and overall wallet compatibility and asset safety remain unchanged.

Medium
◆

Validators

Node operators, RPC operators, delegators

The activation of EIP-7883 increases the gas cost for ModExp operations, which may lead to higher transaction fees overall. This could potentially redirect some revenue away from validators if users adjust their transaction strategies in response to increased costs.

Medium
✦

Foundation

Monad Foundation & Category Labs core devs

Activating EIP-7823, EIP-7883, and EIP-7939 requires coordination among core developers and stakeholders to ensure alignment with the existing Monad specifications and standards. This will also necessitate communication regarding the implications of these changes for the ecosystem.

High action required

Generated Aug 9, 2026, 4:50 PM · model: gpt-4o-mini

Specification

Cite
Subsystems executionconsensusevmeconomicsnetworking

## Abstract

Activate three EIPs from Ethereum's Fusaka upgrade ([EIP-7607](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7607)): EIP-7823, EIP-7883, and EIP-7939.

## Specification

This MIP activates the following EIPs:

- [EIP-7823: Set upper bounds for MODEXP](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7823)
- [EIP-7883: ModExp Gas Cost Increase](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7883)
- [EIP-7939: Count leading zeros (CLZ) opcode](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7939)

### Excluded EIPs

The following EIPs are already activated by Monad:

- [EIP-7951: Precompile for secp256r1 Curve Support](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7951)

The following EIPs pertain to Ethereum consensus layer and data availability, so
are not relevant to Monad:

- [EIP-7594: PeerDAS - Peer Data Availability Sampling](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7594)
- [EIP-7917: Deterministic proposer lookahead](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7917)
- [EIP-7918: Blob base fee bounded by execution cost](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7918)

The following EIPs set parameters for which Monad makes different choices per [the Monad specification](https://category-labs.github.io/category-research/monad-initial-spec-proposal.pdf) (30M
transaction gas limit, and 2MB block size), so are not included:

- [EIP-7825: Transaction Gas Limit Cap](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7825)
- [EIP-7934: RLP Execution Block Size Limit](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7934)

## References

- [Monad Initial Specification](https://category-labs.github.io/category-research/monad-initial-spec-proposal.pdf)

## Copyright

Copyright and related rights waived via [CC0](../LICENSE.md).

Forum discussion

1 posts · 1 likes · 7 months ago
Read more on forum ↗
  1. @Bruce Collie #1 Jan 19, 2026, 11:28 AM

    mips.monad.xyz Monad Improvement Proposals (MIPs) Activate EIP-7823, EIP-7883, and EIP-7939 from Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade. This MIP proposes the activation of Monad-relevant execution EIPs included in Ethereum’s Fusaka upgrade.